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Ancient history


Ancient history is the aggregate of past events from the beginning of recorded human history and extending as far as the Early Middle Ages or the Postclassical Era. The span of recorded history is roughly 5,000 years, beginning with Sumerian Cuneiform script, the oldest discovered form of coherent writing from the protoliterate period around the 30th century BC.

The term classical antiquity is often used to refer to history in the Old World from the beginning of recorded Greek history in 776 BC (First Olympiad). This roughly coincides with the traditional date of the founding of Rome in 753 BC, the beginning of the history of ancient Rome, and the beginning of the Archaic period in Ancient Greece. Although the ending date of ancient history is disputed, some Western scholars use the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 AD (the most used), the closure of the Platonic Academy in 529 AD, the death of the emperor Justinian I in 565 AD, the coming of Islam or the rise of Charlemagne as the end of ancient and Classical European history.

In India, ancient history includes the early period of the Middle Kingdoms, and, in China, the time up to the Qin Dynasty.

en.wikipedia.org




Empire of
Ancient Egypt

WENDY CHRISTENSEN



HISTORY CONSULTANT: Dr. Josef Wegner, Associate Professor of Egyptology, University of
Pennsylvania; Associate Curator, Egyptian Section, University of Pennsylvania Museum


Introduction

PART I HISTORY
CHAPTER 1 Egypt Before the Empire

CHAPTER 2 Imperial Egypt

CHAPTER 3 Egypt’s Long Decline

PART II SOCIETY AND CULTURE
CHAPTER 4 Egyptian Society

CHAPTER 5 Everyday Life in Egypt

CHAPTER 6 Egyptian Religion, Science, and Culture

Epilogue

TimeLine

Resources

ANCIENT
MESOPOTAMIA

Tom Head



CONTENT CONSULTANT
Dr. James A. Armstrong Harvard Semitic Museum (retired)


CHAPTER 1 The First Civilization

CHAPTER 2 Empires of the Fertile Crescent

CHAPTER 3 The Lawgivers

CHAPTER 4 Voices of the Fertile Crescent

CHAPTER 5 Life in Mesopotamia

CHAPTER 6 Death and the Gods

CHAPTER 7 Agriculture and Technology

CHAPTER 8 Inventing War

CHAPTER 9 All That We Ever Were

TIMELINE

ANCIENT HISTORY

GLOSSARY

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES


ANCIENT
ROME

BY SUSAN E. HAMEN



CONTENT CONSULTANT
Thomas Keith, Lecturer Department of Classical Studies Loyola University Chicago


CHAPTER 1 A Mighty Empire

CHAPTER 2 Humble Beginnings

CHAPTER 3 The Government and Economy

CHAPTER 4 Daily Life

CHAPTER 5 Architecture and Art

CHAPTER 6 Gods and Goddesses

CHAPTER 7 Builders and Craftsmen

CHAPTER 8 Might of the Legions

CHAPTER 9 The Legacy of Rome

TIMELINE

ANCIENT HISTORY

GLOSSARY

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES


Ancient Greece

Diane Bailey



CHAPTER 1 A Crossroads of Cultures

CHAPTER 2 On Mediterranean Shores

CHAPTER 3 Citizens and Slaves

CHAPTER 4 Daily Life

CHAPTER 5 Ideas and Ideals

CHAPTER 6 In Service to the Gods

CHAPTER 7 The First Scientists

CHAPTER 8 Military Muscle

CHAPTER 9 The Greek Legacy

TIMELINE

ANCIENT HISTORY

GLOSSARY

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

Ancient Aztecs

Karen Latchana Kenney



CHAPTER 1 A Fateful Meeting

CHAPTER 2 From Mesoamerica to Aztec Empire

CHAPTER 3 Ruling from Tenochtitlan

CHAPTER 4 Aztec Society and Family

CHAPTER 5 Trades, Goods, and Architecture

CHAPTER 6 Worshiping the Gods

CHAPTER 7 Aztec Technology

CHAPTER 8 Fierce Warriors

CHAPTER 9 Lasting Influence

TIMELINE

ANCIENT HISTORY

GLOSSARY

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES

Ancient China
Marcie Flinchum Atkins.



CHAPTER 1 China’s First Emperor

CHAPTER 2 A Long History

CHAPTER 3 Imperial Government

CHAPTER 4 Life in Ancient China

CHAPTER 5 Artistic Treasures

CHAPTER 6 Religion, Philosophy, and Mythology

CHAPTER 7 Technological Advances

CHAPTER 8 Weapons and Defenses

CHAPTER 9 China’s Legacy

TIMELINE

ANCIENT HISTORY

GLOSSARY

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES


Ancient India

Rebecca Rowell



CHAPTER 1 The Birth of Buddhism

CHAPTER 2 Settling the Subcontinent

CHAPTER 3 Chiefs, Kings, and Castes

CHAPTER 4 Life Based in Faith

CHAPTER 5 Literature, Art, Music, and Dance

CHAPTER 6 One Land, Many Faiths

CHAPTER 7 Mathematics and Medicine

CHAPTER 8 Military Might

CHAPTER 9 Ancient India’s Legacy

TIMELINE

ANCIENT HISTORY

GLOSSARY

ADDITIONAL RESOURCES