Editions and Translations of Primary Texts
Duncan, A. A.M., ed. and trans. The Bruce. Edinburgh: Canongate, 1997.
Major, John. A History of Greater Britain as well England as Scotland. Edited and translated by Archibald Constable. Publications of the Scottish History Society 10. Edinburgh: University Press, 1892.
McDiarmid, Matthew P., ed. Hary’s Wallace (Vita Nobilissimi Defensoris Scotie Wilelmi Wallace Militis). 2 vols. Scottish Text Society, Fourth Series, 4, 5. Edinburgh: William Blackwood and Sons, 1968-69.
McDiarmid, Matthew P., and James A. C. Stevenson, eds. Barbour’s Bruce: A Fredome Is a Noble Thing! 3 vols. The Scottish Text Society, 4th Series, 12, 13, 15. Edinburgh: Blackwood, Pillans, and Wilson, 1980-85.
McKim, Anne, ed. The Wallace: Selections. TEAMS Middle English Texts. Kalamazoo, MI: Medieval Institute Publications, 2003.
Scheps, Walter, introd. and trans. “From the Acts and Deeds of William Wallace.” In Medieval Outlaws: Twelve Tales in Modern English Translation, Revised and Expanded Edition, edited by Thomas H. Ohlgren, 420-69. West Lafayette, IN: Parlor Press, 2005.
Wright, Thomas, ed. and trans. The Political Songs of England, from the Reign of John to that of Edward II. Camden Society, OS 6. London: J. B. Nichols and Son, 1839.
Secondary Readings
Barrow, G. W.S. Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1988.
Cornell, David. Bannockburn: The Triumph of Robert the Bruce. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2009.
Cowan, Edward J., ed. The Wallace Book. Edinburgh: John Donald, 2007.
Fisher, Andrew. William Wallace. Edinburgh: Birlinn, 2007.
Goldstein, R. James. The Matter of Scotland: Historical Narrative in Medieval Scotland. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.
Gransden, Antonia. Historical Writing in England I: c. 550 to c. 1307. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 1974; repr. London: Routledge, 1996.
Gray, D. J. William Wallace: The King’s Enemy. New York: Barnes and Noble, 1991. McArthur, Colin. Brigadoon, Braveheart and the Scots: Distortions of Scotland in Hollywood Cinema. London: I. B. Tauris, 2003.
Morrison, John. Painting the Nation: Identity and Nationalism in Scottish painting, 1800-1920. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2003.
Morton, Graeme. William Wallace: Man and Myth. Stroud, Gloucestershire: Sutton, 2001.
Pittock, Murray G. H. The Invention of Scotland: The Stuart Myth and the Scottish Identity. London: Routledge, 1991.
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Equestrian statue of Charlemagne (ca. 742-814), bronze, French. (Louvre, Paris, France/Giraudon/The Bridgeman Art Library)
World History
