E1P8IER1TE1, KING MITHRIEITEG, INE PEMPErS IMIZENG

1.  Biography of Mithradates, Mayor 2010, Hypsicratea: 114, 304, 309-10, 31938, 328, 355-57, 362-69, 377.

2.  Hypsicratea: Valerius Maximus 4.6.2; Plutarch Pompey 32.

3.  Valerius Maximus 4.6.2.

4.  Quotes, Konstan 2002, 16-18. Christine de Pizan 1999, 110-12. Colarusso 2002, Saga 13, 85-87. Boccaccio: Mayor 2010, 321-22, 356.

5.  Mithradates’s papers are now lost, but Pliny read them in Rome: Mayor 2010, 240-41.

6.  Plutarch Pompey 32.8.

7.  Appian Mithradatic Wars 12.10.69; 12.87 (hereafter cited as Appian); Cassius Dio 36.49.3. Mayor 2010, 304, 310.

8.  Plutarch Pompey 32.8. Konstan 2002, 16-18.

9.  Cassius Dio 36.6; Appian 12.88-90.

10.  Plutarch Pompey 32.8 Eutropius 6.12 (ca AD 370): Mithradates fled “with his wife and two attendants” on horseback. For this battle and the ancient sources, Mayor 2010, 318-29.

11.  Strabo 11.4-5.

12.  Plutarch Pompey 32.8. Strabo 11.4-5.

13.  Plutarch Pompey 35 and 45.

14.  Appian 12.15.103; Appian Spanish Wars 6.72.

15.  Procopius Gothic Wars 4.3.6-8. Avars: Nicephorus p 21 de Boor.

16.  Ateshi 2011.

17.  Appian 12.15.103 and 12.17.116-17.

18.  Appian 12.17.117.

19.  Kleiner 2010, 221; Amazon sarcophagi, 224, fig 15-11; Roman soldiers fighting Amazons on the Mausoleum of the Julii, 30-20 BC, 101. Magnificent sarcophagus of Romans battling Amazons and kneeling Amazon prisoners of war, Houston Museum of Fine Arts. Celtic women warriors, Freeman 2002, 53-59. Boudicca: Tacitus Annals 14.31-35.

20.  Plutarch Pompey 32.8. Appian 12.101-2.

21.  Mayor 2010, 355-57; 365-69.

22.  Mayor 2010, 367-69; Bowersock 2008, 600-601.

23.   to numismatist Ed Snible for suggesting the link to Hypsicratea and to Michel Prieur for photos of the wolf-capped Amazon coins of Amisus.

24.  Pausanias 2.31.4. Apollonius Argonautica 2.996-1000. King Vakhtang Gor-gasali (Persian, “wolf-head”) of Iberia wore a wolf-head helmet, Hunt 2012, 69. Wolves in steppe tales, Beckwith 2009, 4-6.